In order to create a WLAN, you need some basic components, which are as follows;
1.The wireless client devices; equipped with a wireless network interface card (wireless NIC)
2. Access Points (AP), or control module
3. The wired LAN backbone
The devices wireless client
this simply refers to users' devices such as desktop computer systems, laptop computers and mobile devices such as personal digital assistants (PDAs) and smart phones. Have built-in wireless network interface cards (wireless NIC), which allows users to have access to the wireless network. The wireless NIC is a hardware device that connects a computer to a network to send and receive data. A wireless NIC has an antenna, internal or external, and a wireless network adapter has a door (usually an RJ-45 port for the cable connection). The cable connects the adapter to the network, thus establishing a link between the computer and the network. A wireless NIC performs the same functions as the wired NIC but one important exception - there is no port for the cable connection, rather an antenna is used to send and receive data in the form of radio frequency (RF) signals. When a wireless NIC transmits, specifically it performs the following functions;
i. Change your computer data from parallel to serial transmission
II. It divides data into packets (small data blocks) and attach the sending and receiving addresses Computers
III. Decide when to send
iv. Send package
access points (AP)
As the name suggests, an access point (AP) provides WLAN client with an access point to the wired backbone. It performs two key functions; I. First, it serves as a wireless communication base station for the wireless network. All devices that contains a wireless NIC transmits to the AP, which in turn redirects the signal to other wireless devices. ii. Second, the AP serves as a bridge between the wireless and wired networks. The AP can be connected to the wired LAN with a network cable, allowing the wireless device access to the wired network (for example, to access a file server on the local network through it).
SPINE LAN
This is the component of the WLAN that serves as a backbone connection to the wireless clients and access. Usually it provides access to the servers and the Internet.
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