Private Network Server

Have you got an error RPC lately? They look a bit 'like this:

- "RPC server is unavailable"
- OR "The RPC server is too busy to complete the operation"
- Here's the best, "access denied"

This is fun stuff. Unfortunately, an RPC error is one of the most common mistakes out there, and most of us do not even know what the PRC.

What is RPC?

RPC stands for "Remote Procedure Call". This probably still does not say much. Let's see if we can put this in a non-technical language. RPC is the go between computers and servers. This is what allows your computer to access a network.

RPC has two main parts to it: the client and the server. When the client (something requesting program) sends a message to the server (the process that takes the order and carries out the task), it has been asked to perform a certain procedure. The client waits for the server to process the call before resuming execution.

Why do not the RPC server Work?

Usually, the RPC error pops up because there is a kind of communication problem between your computer and the server. Most of the time, the wires intersect somewhere due to Internet components that are not configured or activated. Sometimes it's just a matter of regulating the Internet firewall or proxy server.

Quick Fix RPC error

One way to investigate an error RPC server is to make sure you have enabled the DCOM Tunneling is enabled and not be blocked by third Internet Security programs, like AVG, Norton, McAfee, etc.

to do this:

1. Go to Start and Run
2. Type DCOMCNFG
3 . Click component Services
4. Click the computer
5. In computer, right-click on My computer
6. Choose properties
7. Go on the default properties tab
8. Check the "Enable DCOM"
tab 9. Go to predefined protocols tab
10. Click Add
11. With the protocol sequence to move the arrow down to tunneling TCP / IP
12. Click OK
13. Click the MoveUp up Tunneling button is high on the list
14. Now you can select and remove SPX
15. Click OK and close the program out of
16. Restart your computer

When you need help with the RPC error

the RPC error is such a common mistake, it seems that it should be easy to solve. However, the DCOM Tunneling correction is only the beginning of resolution of an error in the RPC server. The good news is that you actually do not have to do anything when it comes to an RPC error if you keep the computer maintenance tools Registry. Try researching the benefits of a registry cleaner to resolve i RPC errors .

All security standards and conformity criteria for Corporate Governance, such as PCI DSS, GCSX CoCo, SOX (Sarbanes Oxley), NERC CIP, HIPAA, HITECH, GLBA, ISO27000 and FISMA require devices such as PCs, Windows server, Unix servers, network devices such as firewalls, Intrusion Protection systems (IPS) and routers to be safe in so that they protect confidential data safe.

There are a number of buzzwords in use in this area - security vulnerabilities and Device Hardening? 'Hardening' a device requires safety note 'vulnerability' to be eliminated or mitigated. A vulnerability is any weakness or flaw in the software design, implementation or management of a system that provides a mechanism for a threat to exploit the weakness of a system or process. There are two main areas to be addressed in order to eliminate security vulnerabilities - the configuration settings and software faults in the program and the operating system files. Delete both vulnerabilities require 'remediation' - typically a software update or patch for the program files or operating system - or 'mitigation' - a change of the configuration settings. Hardening is required equally for servers, workstations and network devices such as firewalls, switches and routers.

How do I identify vulnerabilities? A vulnerability scan or external penetration testing will report on all the vulnerabilities apply to systems and applications. You can buy in the scanning / pen 3rd Party testing services - test pen by its nature is done externally via the public internet as this is where any threat would be exploited by. vulnerability scanning services must be delivered in situ on site. This can be done by a 3rd Party consultant with the hardware scan, or you can purchase a 'black box' solution whereby a scanning device is permanently located within the network and scans are remote provisioning. Of course, the results of any scan are only accurate at the time of scanning, which is why the solutions that track continuously configuration changes are the only real way to ensure the safety of your property is maintained.

What is the difference between 'cleaning up' and 'mitigation'? 'Drainage' of a vulnerability determines the defect of being removed or fixed permanently, so this term is applied generally to any software upgrade or patch. Patch management is increasingly automated by the operating system and product development - as long as you implement patches when released, then incorporated vulnerabilities will be remediated. As an example, the recently reported Operation Aurora, classified as Advanced Persistent Threat, or APT, managed to infiltrate Google and Adobe. A vulnerability in Internet Explorer was used to plant the malware on the targeted PC users that allowed access to sensitive data. Remediation for this vulnerability is to '' fix by using Microsoft Internet Explorer patches released. Vulnerability 'mitigation' via configuration settings ensures vulnerabilities are disabled. configuration vulnerabilities are not based on more or less potentially harmful than those that need to be remediated by a patch, even if a securely configured device could mitigate a program or a threat based on the operating system. The biggest problem with the configuration-based vulnerabilities is that they can be returned or enabled at any time - just a few clicks are needed to change most of the configuration settings.

How often new vulnerabilities are discovered? Unfortunately, all the time! Worse, often the only way in which the global community discovers a vulnerability is after a hacker has discovered and exploited it. And 'only when the damage has been done and the hack traced back to its source that a preventative course of action, both of patches or configuration settings, can be formulated. There are various centralized repositories of threats and vulnerabilities on the web such as the MITRE CCE lists and many security product vendors compile reports on real-time threat or Web sites "center of the storm.

So all I have to do is work through the checklist and then I'm sure? in theory, but there are literally hundreds of known vulnerabilities for each platform, and even in a small iT company, the task of monitoring the hardened state of each device is a task almost impossible to conduct manually.

Although automate the scanning task vulnerability using a scan tool to identify how hardened devices are first starting out, you will still have some work to do to mitigate and fix vulnerabilities . But this is only the first step - if you consider a typical configuration vulnerabilities, for example, a Windows Server should have the Guest account disabled. If you run a scan, identify where this vulnerability exists for the devices, and then take steps to mitigate the vulnerability by disabling the Guest account, then you will have hardened these devices. However, if another user with administrator privileges then accesses these same servers and reactivates the Guest account for any reason, it will then be left exposed. Of course, you do not know that the server has been made vulnerable until you next run a scan that can not be for another three months or even 12 months. There is another factor that has not yet been covered which is how do you protect your system against an internal threat - more later.

Therefore, the management of the narrow change is essential to ensure we remain compliant? In fact - Section 6.4 of the PCI DSS describes the requirements for a formally managed Change Management process for this reason. Any changes to a server or network device can have an impact on the state 'hardened' of the device and therefore it is essential that this is considered when making changes. If you are using a continuous tracking solution configuration changes then you will have an audit trail available giving you 'closed loop' change management - so the details of the approved change is documented, along with details of the exact changes that are actually been applied. In addition, the modified devices will be re-assessed for vulnerabilities and their compliance status confirmed automatically.

What about internal threats? Cybercrime is joining the league organized crime, which means that this is not only to stop malicious hackers demonstrate their skills as a fun hobby! Firewall, Intrusion Protection Systems, antivirus software and fully implemented device hardening measures will still not stop or detect a rogue employee who works as a 'man inside'. This kind of threat can cause malware is introduced to otherwise secure systems of an employee with administrator rights, or backdoor program in core business applications. Similarly, with the advent of Advanced persistent threats (APT), as advertised hack 'Aurora' using social engineering to trick employees into introducing malware 'Zero-Day'. threats 'Zero-Day' exploit previously unknown vulnerabilities - a hacker discovers a new vulnerability and formulates an etching process to exploit it. The job then is to understand how the attack occurred and especially as a remedy or mitigate future re-occurrences of the threat. By their nature, anti-virus measures are often powerless against "zero-day" threats. In fact, the only way to detect this type of threat is to use the file-integrity monitoring technology. "All the firewalls, Intrusion Protection Systems, anti-virus and Process Whitelisting technology around the world will not save you from an internal hack orchestrated in which the author has administrator rights to key servers or legitimate access to the code of ' application - file integrity monitoring used in combination with the control of the Strait changes is the only way to govern properly of sensitive payment card systems, "Phil Snell, CTO, NNT

See our other whitepaper 'file integrity monitoring - the last defense line of the PCI DSS' for more background of this area, but this is a brief summary -Clearly, is important to check all add, modify and delete files as any change can be significant in compromising the security of a host. This can be achieved by monitoring any changes should be attributes and the size of the file.

However, since we are trying to prevent one of the most sophisticated types of hack we need to introduce a completely infallible means to ensure the integrity of files. This requires for each file to be 'DNA fingerprint', typically generated using a Secure Hash Algorithm. A Secure Hash Algorithm, as SHA1 or MD5, produces a single value, hash based on the contents of the file, and ensures that it will be also noted that changing a single character in a file. This means that even if a program is modified to expose payment card data, but the file is then 'stuffed' to make the same size as the original file and all the other modified attributes to make the file look and feel the same, the changes will be still exposed. This is why the PCI DSS makes File Integrity Monitoring a mandatory requirement and why it is increasingly considered as a component of vital importance for the security of the system, such as firewalls and anti-virus defenses.

Conclusion Device hardening is an essential discipline for any organization serious about security. In addition, if your organization is subject to any corporate governance or formal safety standards, such as PCI DSS, SOX, HIPAA, NERC CIP, ISO 27K, GCSX Co Co, then hardening device will be a mandatory requirement. - All servers, workstations and network devices must be hardened through a combination of software patch configuration and deployment settings - Any changes to a device can adversely affect its hardened state and make your organization exposed to security threats - monitoring file integrity must also be used to mitigate threats 'zero-day' and the threat from 'Inside man' - lists of vulnerability check will change regularly as new threats are identified

Despite the fact that pfSense and m0n0wall seem to receive the portion of the consideration lion in the market for firewall / router open source, with pfSense overboard m0n0wall in recent years, there are several distributions good firewall / router obtainable under Linux and BSD. These projects build on their respective native firewall operating systems. Linux, for example, incorporates the netfilter and iptables in its kernel. OpenBSD, on the other hand, uses PF (Packet Filter), which replaced IPFilter firewall as the default FreeBSD in 01. The following is a list (not exhaustive) of some of the firewall / router available for Linux and BSD distributions, along with some of their capacity.

[1] Smoothwall

The Smoothwall Open Source project was established in 00 in order to develop and maintain SmoothWall Express - a free firewall that includes an operating system GNU / Linux toughened safety and a web interface easy to use. SmoothWall Server Edition is the initial product of SmoothWall Ltd., launched on 11/11/01. It was essentially SmoothWall GPL 0.9.9 with support provided by the company. SmoothWall Corporate Server 1.0 was released on 12.17.01, a closed source fork of SmoothWall GPL 0.9.9SE. Corporate Server included additional features such as SCSI support, together with the ability to increase functionality by means of add-on modules. These modules included SmoothGuard (proxy filter content), SmoothZone (multiple DMZ) and SmoothTunnel (Advanced VPN). Additional forms available over time including modules for traffic shaping, anti-virus and anti-spam.

A variation called SmoothWall Corporate Server Corporate Guardian was released, the integration of a DansGuardian fork known as SmoothGuardian. School Guardian was created as one of the Corporate Guardian variant, the addition of directory / support capabilities for LDAP authentication and firewall active in a package specifically designed for use in schools. December 03 saw the release of SmoothWall Express 2.0 and a series of comprehensive written documentation. The alpha version of Express 3 was released in September 05.

Smoothwall is designed to work effectively the oldest, the cheapest hardware; It will operate on any CPU Pentium and above, with a recommended minimum of 128 MB RAM. Also there is a 64-bit accumulation for Core 2 systems Here is a list of features:

• Firewalling:
  • Supports LAN, DMZ, and wireless networks, as well as external
  • external connectivity via: Static Ethernet, Ethernet DHCP, PPPoE, PPPoA using various USB and PCI DSL modems
  • forward door, DMZ pin-holes
  • The filter output
  • timed access
  • easy to use Quality-of-Service (QoS)
  • traffic statistics, including the interface and for total IP for weeks and months
  • IDS Snort rules through automatically updated
  • UPnP support
  • List of Bad IP addressed to block
• proxy:
  
  • Web proxy for accelerated browsing
  • email POP3 proxy with Anti-Virus
  • IM proxy with real-time display of log
• IU:
  
  • Responsive web using AJAX to provide real-time information technical interface
  • charts the real-time traffic
  • all the rules have an optional Comment field for ease of use
  • log viewers for all major subsystems and firewall activities
• Maintenance:
  
  • config backup
  • Easy single-click application of all pending updates
  • Shutdown and restart user interface
• More:
  
  • Service Time for the network
  • Develop Smoothwall yourself using the "Devel" self-hosting builds

[2] IPCop

a stateful firewall built on Linux netfilter framework that was originally a fork of SmoothWall Linux firewall, IPCop is a Linux distribution that aims to provide an easy-to-manage firewall hardware-based PC. Version 1.4.0 was introduced in 04, based on the LFS distribution and a 2.4 kernel, and the current stable branch 2.0.x, released in 2011. IPCop v2.0 incorporates some significant improvements over 1.4, including the following :.

• Linux 2.6.32 kernel based on
• New hardware support, including cobalt, SPARC and PPC platforms
• New installer, which allows you to install Flash or hard disk, and choose
interface cards and assign them to particular networks
• access to all pages of the web interface is now the protected password
• a new user interface, including which a new schedule page, multiple pages on the status menu, an updated proxy page, a simplified DHCP server page, and a revised menu firewall
• the inclusion of support for OpenVPN virtual private networks, as a substitute for IPsec

IPCop. v 2.1 includes bug fixes and a number of other improvements, including being using the Linux kernel 3.0.41 and URL filtering service. In addition, there are many obtainable add-ons, such as advanced QoS (traffic shaping), virus checking e-mail, traffic overview, extended interfaces to control the proxy, and many others.

[3] IPFire

IPFire is a free Linux distribution that can act as a router and firewall, and can be maintained through a web interface. The distribution offers selected sever demons and can be easily expanded for a SOHO server. It provides an enterprise-wide network security and focuses on security, stability and ease of use. A variety off add-on can be installed to add more features to the base system.

IPFire uses a Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) firewall, which is built on top of netfilter. During the installation of IPFire, the network is configured in separate segments. This segmented security scheme means that there is a place for each machine in the network. Each segment represents a group of computers that share a common security level. "Green" is a safe area. This is where all the regulars will reside, and usually consists of a wired local network. Customers on Green can access all the other network segments without restrictions. "Red" indicates danger or connect to the Internet. Nothing to Red is allowed to pass through the firewall unless specifically configured by the administrator. "Blue" is part of the wireless local area network. Since the wireless network has the potential for abuse, it is uniquely identified and specific rules governing the customer on it. The customers of this network segment must be explicitly authorized before they can access the network. "Orange" is the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). Any servers that are accessible to the public are separated from the rest of the network here to limit security breaches. In addition, the firewall can be used to control the Internet access in output from each segment. This feature allows the network administrator complete control over how their network is configured and secured.

One of the unique features of IPFire is the degree to which it incorporates intrusion detection and intrusion prevention. IPFire incorporates Snort, the free Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS), which analyzes network traffic. If something abnormal happens, it will record the event. IPFire allows you to see these events in the web interface. For automatic prevention, IPFire has an add-on called guardian that can be installed optionally.

IPFire leads many riders to front-end virtualization, high-performance and can be run on different platforms for virtualization, including KVM, VMware, Xen and others. However, there is always the possibility that the VM container security can be bypassed in some way and the hacker can access over the VPN. Therefore, it is not recommended to use IPFire as a virtual machine in a production-level environment.

In addition to these features, IPFire incorporates all the functions you would expect to see in a firewall / router, including a stateful firewall, a web proxy, support for virtual private networks (VPN) using IPSec and OpenVPN, and traffic shaping.

Since IPFire is based on a recent version of the Linux kernel, supports most of the latest hardware such as network adapters 10 Gbit and a variety of wireless hardware out of the box. Minimum system requirements are:

• The Intel Pentium (i586)
• 128 MB RAM
• 2 GB of hard drive space

Some add-ons are additional requirements to run smoothly. In a system that measures the hardware requirements, IPFire is able to serve hundreds of clients simultaneously.

[4] Shorewall

Shorewall is an open source firewall tool for Linux. Unlike other firewall / router mentioned in this article, Shorewall does not have a graphical user interface. Instead, Shorewall is configured by a group of plain text configuration file, although a Webmin module is available separately.

Since Shorewall is essentially a frontend for iptables and netfilter, usual firewall functionality is available. And 'able to do Network Address Translation (NAT), port forwarding, recording, routing, traffic shaping and virtual interfaces. With Shorewall, it is easy to configure different zones, each with different rules, making it easy to have, for example, the rules relaxed on the company Intranet while suppressing traffic from the Internet.

While Shorewall once used a frontend shell-based compiler, since version 4, also uses a Perl-based frontend. IPv6 address support began with the 4.4.3 version. The latest stable version is 4.5.18.

[5] pfSense

pfSense is a / router open source firewall distribution based on FreeBSD as a fork of the m0n0wall project. It is a stateful firewall that incorporates many of the m0n0wall features, such as NAT forwarding / port, VPN, traffic shaping, and captive portal. It goes even further m0n0wall, which offers many advanced features, such as load balancing and failover, the ability to accept only traffic from certain operating systems, easy to spoof the MAC address, and VPN using OpenVPN and L2TP protocols. Unlike m0n0wall, where the focus is more on the integrated use, the pfSense focus is on the full installation of the PC. However, a version is targeted condition for embedded use.

headless servers complete tasks that do not require a local user to the console. They run without input / ouput - monitor, keyboard and mouse. However, users are not free to interact with the server. At any time you may be required human intervention. Any IT administrator would like to have a small external device that provides quick and convenient access to the server without a head. It frees them from the need to deal with the clutter of a keyboard and monitor, which is inevitable in the case of KVM extenders. A pint of KVM2USB size Epiphan does the job perfectly. It is a must-have for large data centers that are running regular maintenance and monitoring.

good reason to do so without KVM Devices

Administration of the headless machines can become a problem. Connecting the keyboard, mouse and monitor for each of these machines is very time consuming. You need to deploy headless servers, develop infrastructure, and perform routine maintenance? Then it can not do without a mobile solution that solves these problems. No KVM Extender will save you from running around with a keyboard, monitor and mouse when you need to control systems - from room to room, from server to server ... With KVM2USB you are free from worry and overwork.

It provides keyboard and mouse emulation and displays the VGA stream from any host server on the laptop screen. This device is less than 4 inches long and supports various VGA modes up to 1280x1024. With KVM2USB you can use a laptop as a substitute for the monitor, mouse and keyboard. No need to carry around bulky equipment and cables. KVM2USB connect to the server via PS / 2 and VGA ports and then connect it to the USB port of your laptop. The application server will be displayed on your laptop screen. You are free to switch between different programs - to take notes or make screenshots. No additional power is required. If you need to visit the customer's site for diagnosis equipment, take your laptop and KVM2USB - that's all.

KVM2USB and laptop - ideal combination

due to the advent of headless server specialists are looking for a fast and reliable solution for their management in different situations . Users must make sure that the server can operate successfully. Without this important step, the headless server efforts will be brain dead. For example, a serious drawback of a server without head would be when it crashes. It is usually difficult to trace and debugging the problem. A solution to the problem is to run the system with the input means and output in the course of a trial period and use the hardware should be run in the system. Because of this the hardware approach can coexist with the operating system in its role of normal use. USB KVM provides an easy to use and affordable solution for managing headless server to a laptop. The VGA signal is conveyed to the laptop screen. The server is controlled via the keyboard and touchpad of the notebook computer. Anything you can do standing before the server with a local keyboard, mouse and monitor, is available KVM2USB - with less effort and in a comfortable way.

cost-effective solution

KVM2USB can be applied generally server rooms , assembly lines, and help desk. If you have multiple computers that are used one at a time is a good reason to use USB KVM. Its benefits are obvious especially if space is at a premium. This is a real opportunity to reduce costs and increase efficiency by eliminating unnecessary mice video monitors, and keyboards. KVM2USB supports multiple operating systems and offers a high quality resolution. Add a laptop - is all that is necessary to perform maintenance of the equipment in large data centers.

What is a strategic window?

The term strategic window is the limited periods during which the "fit" among the core requirements of a market and the specific skills of a firm competitor in this market is at an optimum. In this article we will use the case VXL Instrument to develop the concept.
What's the deal VXL?

VXL Instruments has enabled companies worldwide to build a flexible, secure, manageable and cost-effective IT infrastructure. Its range of thin client devices helps enterprises beat the cycle of obsolescence desktop, free internal resources from the non-productive functions, and save millions of dollars that are spent on fixing systems. The thin client is a server-centric computing model where application software, data power, and CPU resides on a network server rather than on the client Instruments computer.VXL won "Maximum IT-Hardware Exporter Award non-SSI category "for 06-07.
Dilemma of VXL

VXL Instruments is a leading manufacturer of thin client devices and commands 11% share in the global market. Its major chunk of revenue comes from export to US and EU. The company is trying to explore new markets in India for its thin client devices. Competitors like Wyse and HP offer wide range of products, not only in the West but also in India. Therefore, it is high time that society starts thinking about Indian market.
How TC market in India?

The company's products as TC23xx and TC73xx are reliable and affordable. L '(thin client) TC can help in eradicating various pain in server-based computing. It 'very useful in the case of SMEs (small and medium) where the processing requirements are quite specific. In the case of sectors such as hospitality, we need to explore the various features of the unlock value so they can charge a premium. The main challenges are as follows:

1. How to provide maximum utility product without making too complex?

2. How to convince existing change by fat clients to thin client customers?

3. How TC market in India?

Actually the answer of third question will give us a frame work to find the answers to the first two questions.

it will consider VXL a minimum risk taking company. And 'more focused customer-centric product. Therefore, its products are world class, but market penetration is not so impressive. Currently, VXL markets its products through customer interaction and third party distributors like Priya Limited. This approach reduces marketing expenses but the approach has its limitations.

In 05, the Mumbai-based distributor Priya Ltd invested $ 2 million (about Rs 10 crore) in equity in VXL Instruments. The investment is part of the trade finance arrangement that gave VXL $ 9 million (about Rs 45 crore) to finance its growth.

VXL chalked out expansion plans and growth strategy in order to increase its thin client market share to 25 percent by 07-08. He made foray into various vertical markets such as ERP, Health, Telecom, Education and Banking with SAP client list including Belgium, Birmingham City Hospital in the United Kingdom, India DOT, British Telecom, IIM Lucknow, IIT Roorkie, Jakarta Haga Bank and HDFC India etc. But presently its market share is well below its target.
product knowledge and Customer Perception

We can roughly divide customers into two categories:

* Techno Savvy customers with financial muscle: This type of customers, already know the products (TC) and we need to convince them that thin client is a better choice of fat clients. For example, the upcoming opening of Velankani Group 5 star Electronic City, Bangalore. The Velankani to have in IT and infrastructure and they are aware about the technology and its implementation. According to Mr R. Shiva Kumar (Information System Manager, Velankani), these types of customers should better be addressed when the product is in its embryonic stage. Once you acquire fat clients (FC) for their project, they will not be interested in TC due to switch charge. Here we need to market TC as a device that not only reduce the total cost of ownership, but also provide a simple solution for all comfort requirements.

* Less Techno Savvy with medium-range investment capabilities: These types of customers do not have their own IT department. Generally play safe and go for the fat client technology used by other players in their segment. More over they consider their computing needs are minimal and do not find IT investments very attractive. Here, we need to educate them about the various benefits of server-based computing and the TC lead over FC. These types of companies should be approached to provide a total solution.

Redefining the market

Frequently, as markets evolve, the fundamental definition of the market changes in ways that increasingly disqualify some competitors, providing opportunities for others. The "" trend system to the marketing of products than the single piece of equipment provides many examples of this phenomenon. We will discuss this point with the help of the case Docutel.

Docutel: This manufacturer of ATM (ATM) supplied virtually all of the United States until the end of 1974. In early 1975 he found Docutel is losing its market share to large computer companies such as Burroughs, Honeywell ATM, and IBM as these manufacturers began to look EFTS total banks (electronic Fund transfer System) requirements. They offered the bank a package of equipment that represents a complete system that the ATM was only one component. Essentially their success can be attributed to the fact that they redefined the market so that always seemed to rule Docutel as a potential supplier.
Conclusions

Market redefinition is not only limited to the banking sector; similar trends are underway in scientific instrumentation (steel, cement and aluminum industries), process control equipment (Siemens, Vesuvius and SMS redefined the market); the sector of machine tools, office and household equipment (VXL is already a player) and electronic gear like some of the other examples. In any case, manufacturers who base their approach to the marketing of individual hardware are seeing their "strategic window" close as producers move into computer systems to take advantage of emerging opportunities. HP has capitalized sufficiently market TC under some aggressive M & A. In India, companies like HCL Technologies and Satyam are planning to enter the TC market as a supplier of complete solutions. Wipro is also exploring opportunities in SMEs. We can expect Wipro to venture into this segment in the near future.

As the competition grows the SMEs are becoming thin. Most companies are following make-to-order manufacturing philosophy. All these need free flow of materials, information and finances imperatives. Since practices are changing, many new applications of networking technology have evolved. Here, we can see a scope for VXL being a consultancy provider and not just a manufacturer of product.

Internet has never been possible without the invention of intelligent switches, satellites, fiber optics and LAN cards. Those who find it difficult to get idea of ​​wide area network, the Internet is a living example of it. Before going into the wide area network (WAN), we must have an understanding of what is Local Area Network (LAN).

Local Area Network, as the name suggests, is a network built in a limited area, using LAN cables, switches and LAN cards. An example is a network of university or a trade office in only one location. The computers on a local network are connected to a network switch. You can make this network a working group (share of limited resources) or domain (share all kinds of resources and services). On the domain, you have the privilege to grant permissions for users to share resources or limit their use certain services. How LAN can only work within a certain distance, we must WAN to connect the institutions and offices in different locations.

WAN connects two or more LANs, and this is possible with the use of devices such as routers. There are many ways to build a wide area network. Or you can set their own cables between two or more locations or you can use dedicated lines. Most companies use lines as very limited companies may bear the cost of thousands of pounds for it rented.

The companies and institutions get the lines from different providers of leasing services and pay them on a monthly basis. Today, many companies are establishing Virtual Private Network (VAN) using leased lines. A VAN can be established with the purchase of IP addresses directly from the service provider, to two or more different positions. To protect this network, the network administrator uses routers and firewalls to protect the network.

On WAN, users in different locations are connected to a central server. The name of this computer is the server because it is there to serve all network computers. All computers on the network are connected to the central database on the server. These computers to save data in real time, send queries to the server and retrieve the reports at the same time. The banking system is a great example of a WAN.

The advantages of a wide area network are unlimited. It sits in a country, and the office in another country is like a next room. You can share documents, reports, print, query databases, searching in thousands of records in just a few quick seconds, monitor site distant offices using digital cameras, and do much more. The advantages of a wide area network are endless; it is up to you what benefits you want to achieve with this technology; the sophistication obviously increases the cost factor.

With many advantages of wide area network, there are also some disadvantages associated with, but can be addressed by using the latest technologies. On the WAN, security is an important factor. When you connect to the Internet using a direct IP, anyone can enter and affect your system. To this end, firewalls and routers titles are implemented, that surely with thousands of pounds of expenses. The WAN latency period is high, but can also be addressed by taking high-speed Internet connections. Establish an A Wide Area Network , businesses and institutions need a lot of money, color: as technologies that make the network safe color: color: so serve your needs they are on very expensive .

network design is more than the simple act of connecting the wires of a network and adjusting a few settings on the server. It comes to tailoring the network protocols and software for your needs, computers, and employees.

With an experienced network design will have an easy to use, easy to improve, versatile network solution. Do not get left behind on efficiency, because the network is clumsy or dated.

What does lead Expert Network Design?

Phase I: assessment and evaluation

During the initial phase, network experts evaluate the needs of your business, including future growth.

Then, if necessary, assess the existing network and equipment established.

The professionals will be able to devise a plan to integrate all PC and a piece of software already used by your company.

Phase II: Planning & Design

At this stage, the network team and business' executive team coordinates to plan and then configure the new network, or the network upgrade.

The network put in place will meet the needs of business and to be flexible enough to grow with it.

Phase III: Implementation

For the practical implementation of a network project of the Maryland organizations requiring seamless integration.

can not afford to implement the network to stop their activities.

Teams professional network put in place a plan to begin and complete implementation during your business' off-hours, such as at night or on weekends.

Security Services

The threats to security are critical to modern business.

One of the biggest problems facing companies is the protection of networks that initially improperly designed and implemented. In other words, you do not try to fish in a boat with holes.

Yet, this is exactly what you expect from your business.

The planning and implementation of security protocols and solutions is a primary component of network design in Maryland.

Companies can not afford to operate their own corporate network exposed to the wide range of threats.

back-up solutions

smaller companies, even today require a redundancy system in place to back-up and protection and informing them of their client.

The business must often fill those data systems with the network in non-optimized modes and insecure.

When the professionals of the design and implementation of a system network, integrate the back-up solutions during the design phase.

Your company will be prepared for the back-up solutions that do not yet know they need.

are your clients facing the slowness in their Windows VPS?

Are you using HyperV Virtualization Technology for Windows VPS?

Your Help Desk full of the customer's card with the same subject of slowness?

- So it's probably a high disk I / O problem on the primary node.

the poor server performance has normally come into the picture because of factors such as ...

- More than RAM usage
- high disk IO
- High use CPU
- high performance network
- the low network connectivity etc ...

discovering a solution for poor performance is a little 'how to carry out scientific experiments. When you notice that the performance of a server is not as you wished, the first thought popped out different possibilities should be the active threads of the server that are high IO resource consumption. The setting of the threads will act as a key to normalize the server. To achieve a more satisfactory provision of server due to numerous tuning wire changes, one might suppose / assume that the particular thread setting shows the best server performance.

How to identify and resolve the problem of Low server performance?

You can check the steps below to identify the problem of slowing down the server performance because of high disk I / O:

• First login to HyperV then Task manager opened node in the performance Tab Click on the resource monitor.


• Click on the disk in Disk Activity tab check if the highest Active Time disk is between 95% to 100% and then identify the process or VPS that is making high reading and writing operation.


• If this process is '$ LogFile' then click on Start -> Administrative Tools -> Event Viewer. In the Event Viewer window, click on Windows Logs -> Security (from the left panel) and check if each event is continually writing Registers then stop this process.


• If a Windows VPS are running high read / write operation and then login to the VPS and see what process is responsible for the high use of IO resources. If we found a high use of RAM and read / write operations page.sys file is larger, then you should notify the customer to add more RAM in VPS. As we know that when RAM usage of any Windows-based system and then increase it will use a small amount of HDD as virtual memory and that will make high load on the hard drive of your home server and disk IO of assistant principal will be increased which will result in slow performance of each VPS HyperV of that node.


• If this does not bring the disk IO below 95% then do the same with another VPS (Secondary Operation reading and writing), and so on.

How to avoid this problem?

• You can monitor the hard drive and RAM usage of each VPS. If RAM or HDD usage is above 0%, then you can inform the customer to upgrade to the highest or purchase additional resources plan.
• You can stop the automatic updates for each application installed on Windows VPS.
Integration Service
• HyperV must be updated on all virtual machines.

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How the rise of technology becomes more advanced, so do the methods of data retrieval. Data recovery has become a necessity for personal reasons and work, but for businesses to recover a poor disaster or data loss plan can lead to data loss is extremely important that it can not be recovered. Although this looks like a problem that can be solved, data loss for some businesses can cost thousands or even millions of dollars in revenue. For home users, it can not be the loss of millions of dollars, but it can mean the loss of an integrated set of information that costs even personal users many dollars.

With the increasing advancement of data storage, the use of data recovery also searched his sister's component parallel. Rack and virtual drives have become the new way to store large amounts of data on a number of large network drives. Network Attached Storage, or NAS, has become an official way to store large amounts of data. This type of technology is mostly used in medium and large enterprises and gives the company an additional level of data recovery and failover solutions.

In favor of Network Attached Storage:

The advantage of NAS is the consolidation of storage platforms for administrators. It 'much easier to collaborate all servers on a machine with an array of units faster than any stand-alone server on the market. The other advantage is the sore administrative head of the management of any failure or other types of typical problems that can affect every, single machine. In essence, the use of NAS consolidates a group of servers and their problems in a single, easy to manage machine that is fast and easy to restore lost data through a network. This leaves an incredibly easy way to manage large volumes of business data that spans multiple locations and even mobile sites.

The Cons of Network Attached Storage:

One of the main problems of consolidation is the file system under which NAS operates. End users, which are databases on the NAS, connect to it through their operating system installed. However, the actual file system on Linux typically NAS. In case of failure it can be difficult to recover data without professional data recovery service.

These are just two of the pros and cons of network-attached storage that comes with the management of a better and advanced network technology. A business that uses NAS in their network design must ensure that the business needs a topology design that is as advanced as NAS. Even when the NAS is not a solution that can be used in the field, the use of data recovery is important for any company to ensure its survival through the disaster recovery.

There are a number of project managers today who use Microsoft Project to create and track project plans to maintain the activities scheduled. Project is a good question of small efforts by a responsible person. However as a project grows and more decision makers are involved, managers need a program that can provide the management of enterprise-wide project.

Online Management with Project Server

When coordinating a large enterprise, the basic management tools such as Microsoft Project can not meet the needs of the operator. It is a stand-alone application that can be used only on a computer. All project information is in one place and all decisions can be made only on that computer.

Once there is a great effort with a management team, this lack of access becomes a problem. What is needed is a project management tool that can be shared company-wide and allow all operators to track their respective tasks, without having to wait for printed reports.

Project Server is designed with exactly this ability in mind. All team members can access the application from anywhere on the corporate network or over the web. Coordination and communication is easier when everyone is on the same page.

Each team member has a role

Just because everyone can access the software, that it does not mean that all have the same capabilities. Individuals are given appropriate permissions for their role in the plan and in the company.

Project managers use the professional application of basic design, just as they did in the past. However their updates and changes are transmitted to the server where they can be viewed by other managers and incorporated in their plans.

The team members who do not use project directly can still access the server to see what their activities are, what the state of the general plan is, and can send status reports to be used by management.

Also interested parties not directly involved in the completion of tasks, such as managers or investors may have access through the corporate network or the web so you can track your progress. complete security settings so that each person is given the necessary access without any extra privilege.

Training Project Server

Even experienced Microsoft Project users will benefit from training on the unique capabilities of Project Server . The enterprise-level software features dramatically increase the size of the projects that can be managed, but it may not be obvious to new users. Operations such as team building, replacement of resources, and put in common information can be used more effectively after taking courses with an instructor.

The transition from project to Project Server is an important step for any company, but with the guidance and proper planning, it is a move that can be done with a minimum of complication. Added features will be invaluable to any medium-sized and large enterprises.

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) create a huge burden on businesses. They are costly for companies, both in terms of lost revenue and additional costs. DDoS attack protection plays a vital role in keeping online activities. Here are some of the strategies that are used to ensure the provision of services for the consumer is uninterrupted.

1. In the firewall

Network administrators can use simple rules to prevent or bring IPs, protocols or ports. Depending on where the firewall is in the hierarchy of networks, firewalls are suitable to stop the internal flooding attacks even though they may not have the intelligence to determine good traffic.

more complex attacks but are usually difficult to solve because it is not possible to drop all traffic to a port as this may prevent legitimate traffic to get to the server.

The firewalls that are too deep within the network can not help much because the router can get clogged before traffic reaches the firewall. However, they form a large simple defense against DDOS attacks.

2. The switch as mitigating DDOS tool

Switches are usually built with a capacity 'of automatic control. As a result, they may limit the level of data flooding at the system level or traffic shaping, late binding or TCP splicing, deep packet inspection and filtering bogon. Traffic or packet shaping delay some or all of the data that lead them to a desired traffic profile. It is a form of limiting traffic rate. It can be used to increase the usable bandwidth of specific traffic sacrificing speed access for others. Late binding allows a router for further routing information for specific traffic postponing connection between a client and a server.

Network administrators can set these parameters manually or use the default settings of the manufacturer.

3. When the router level

network engineers can manually set the limiting capacity rate of their routers and configure a checklist. As a result of these changes, the router can prevent flooding of requests by a DDOS attack, keeping a network accessible to its main users.

4. Intrusion Prevention Systems or IPS-based systems

prevention systems can be intrusive statistical anomaly-based, stateful or signature based protocol analysis. For the signature based detection, attack patterns that are known are used to identify patterns in similar arrival. Statistical anomaly-based IPS to create a baseline and respond when the baseline characteristic is flaunted as stateful detection analysis protocol uses deviations from the states of predefined protocol to detect activity.

for the attacks that have a signature, it is easy to use IPS systems to prevent DDoS attacks. For such attacks, harmful content received active quickly the system to prevent the passage of suspicious items. Some attacks that are hidden under legitimate content can be difficult to detect until the attack proceeded to cripple the network. DDoS attacks can be content or behavior based. intrusion prevention systems based content can not block the behavior-based DDOS attack, and vice versa.

application specific integrated circuit ASIC or Intrusion Prevention Systems can block and detect DDOS attacks on the grounds that they have the processing power and the ability to break down the traffic in its simplest level.

On the other hand, an IPS based on frequency or RBIPS usually system analyzes incoming traffic on a network to identify any anomalies but let the legitimate traffic through.

5. Black Holing Holing and Sink

Sink drilling means sending traffic to an IP that works so that it receives the incoming traffic and filters for remove the bad traffic. Black hole on the other hand refers to sending the incoming traffic is affecting a non-existent IP address server. To make more efficient black hole, an Internet service provider is used.

6. Prevention Using proactive testing

A test platform can be used to identify areas weaknesses in a network. The information received by this system can be used to direct the creation of automated and manual systems that can be used for the backup line in case the activation of the network under a DDoS attack.

7. Using Clean Pipes

Type of this DDOS protection technique routes all inbound traffic through a cleansing or a washing center separating the DDoS traffic or any traffic as suspect: more thru allowing ordinary traffic. To manage this structure, the network must be connected to the Internet. To clean the incoming traffic, they are used various methods. These include direct circuits, tunnels and proxy.

8. front-end hardware Application

hardware can be used as part of a defense against attacks staggered, and stands as the first line of defense against DDoS attacks. front-end software application is placed in front of the server to block traffic flooding attacks on a network. Using algorithms that scan and classify incoming packets, the application hardware front-end label incoming traffic based on various criteria including the highest priority, adjust or dangerous.

Microsoft Active Directory was introduced in Windows Server 00 to centralize activities such as network management and storage of information relating to various resources a domain. Active Directory helps is centralizing all this information with the help of domain control.

In this article, we are going to see the prerequisites to install Active Directory on a Windows domain controller 08.

When you install a new AD window Server 08 forest

• Make functional level decisions to determine if the Windows 08 forest can contain other domain controllers running Windows 00 and Windows 03 or both.
• You should know that the Windows 08 environment does not support Windows NT 4.0. You must have Windows 00 or Windows 03 domain controller running for managing Windows NT 4.0.
• you must first configure the Windows 08 server as a global catalog server. You can not set as a read-only domain controller (RODC).

• You need to run the / forestprep ADPREP to extend the Windows server 00 or Windows 03 forest to support Windows 08.
• decision Making functional level to determine if the forest can contain other domain controllers running Windows 00 and Windows 03, or both.
• It is recommended that you host the PDC emulator master role in Windows Server 08 domain controller forest.

After taking a functional level decisions for the Windows 08 server environment, you must ensure that the following conditions are met so that you can successful installation of aD in Windows Server 08:

• Username and password for the user account administrator : you can install aD only if you are connected to the system with a local administrator user account.
• Free Space and NTFS partition: The partition on which you install Active Directory should be NTFS. In addition, you must have a minimum of 250 MB of free space. And 'better if you have a little' more space so that you can easily add resources to the directory.
• version of the operating system: You can install Active Directory in Windows Server 08 Standard, Enterprise or Data Center. You can also install Active Directory on Windows Server 08 Core, but that is a different process.
• A network card: An essential component that allows you to connect to the network server.
• A dedicated IP address: Although you can to install AD on a server configured to use dynamic IP address, it is not the right way to go. This is because the DNS record does not run on a server with a dynamic IP address and will not be able to enjoy various Active Directory functions. If the server is multi-homed, you must host the dedicated IP address on the network adapter that is not connected to the Internet.
• The connection to the network: it is essential that the server is connected to the network when you install Active Directory. Otherwise, when you run the Dcpromo.exe command to promote your Windows 08 Server to a domain controller, the following error message appears:

• A working DNS server: For Active Directory to function properly, you must have a DNS server that supports the insertion DNS entries (SRV records). Using the installation The first time Windows 08 of Active Directory domain controller, it is best you allow a directive which the wizard to create the correct configuration and DNS services for you.
• domain name: you must give your domain name. You must avoid using single-label domain names. Many experts recommend that you use the same internal and external domain names to avoid confusion.

A DNS server is a computer registered to participate in a Domain Name System. The advantages include DNS server IP address of the public and the possibility of using a special purpose network software. However, it was noted that users complain DNS server is not responding on Windows 7.

Sometimes, the computer can not connect to the Internet, and will show an error that the DNS server is not responding. In some cases, the computer may show that the data transfer rate is changing. The only problem you get is the difficulty in connecting your computer to the Internet.

Solutions:

1. incorrect DNS settings
2. Disable Firewall protection
3. Clean your browser cache
4. VPN software uninstall
5 . Replace the network adapter
6. Set a static IP via DHCP to

incorrect DNS settings

incorrect DNS settings can become the cause of the server DNS not responding on Windows 7. Here are the steps to make correct settings:

1. click the Start button on the taskbar.
2. type ncpa.cpl in the search box and press ENTER.
3. Click the right button of the local area connection that you are using, and select Properties.
4. Select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP / IPv4), and click the Properties button.
5. Select the Use the following DNS server addresses.
6. Enter the following:
a. Primary DNS: 208.67.222.222
b. Secondary DNS: 208.67.220.220
7. Click OK | OK.

Disable Firewall protection

If you use a software firewall, then temporarily disable, and see if the problem persists or not.

disable

1. Click the Start button on the Windows Firewall system tray.
2. Enter Windows Firewall in the Search box and press ENTER.
3. Click Turn on Windows Firewall or Off link in the left pane.
4. Select the following two options:
a. Turn off Windows Firewall (not recommended) by the work of network location settings (private) or house.
b. Turn off Windows Firewall (not recommended) by the work of network location settings (private) or house. Button
5. Click OK.

Clean browser cache

Try cleaning the browser cache via the system cleaner software to solve this problem. Most of the time the Internet connectivity problem are related browser.

Uninstall VPN software

Virtual Private Network (VPN) software enables private communications over wireless network or computer by tunneling technology. If no VPN software is installed, then try to uninstall it.

1. Click Start | Control panel.
2. For Windows XP, double-click Add or Remove Programs. For Windows Vista or Windows 7, click Programs | Uninstall a program.
3. Select the VPN software was installed.
4. Click Uninstall or Remove button.
5. Follow the on-screen instructions, and restart the system after completion.

Reinstall the Network Adaptor

1. Click the Start button on the taskbar.
2. Type Device Manager into the search box and press ENTER.
3. Expand: | Network adapters.
4. Right click on the network card that you are using, and select the Uninstall option.
5. Reboot the system after completion.
6. The system should detect your network card now. If it does not, then do steps 1 and 2 above.
7. Right click and select Scan for hardware changes.
8. The new hardware process will start. Wait for the network adapter detection.
9. Configure the network card that you just installed properly. For configuration information, refer to the incorrect DNS settings section.

Set a static IP via DHCP to

For those who use their IP address via DHCP should configure the network settings as follows:

1. Click the Start button on the taskbar.
2. type ncpa.cpl in the search box and press ENTER.
3. Click the right button of the local area connection that you are using, and select Properties.
4. Select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP / IPv4), and click the Properties button.
5. Select the Use the following IP address.
6. Enter the following:
a. IP Address: 192.168.1.3
b. Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
c. Default Gateway: 192.168.1.2
7. Select the Use the following DNS server addresses.
8. Enter the following:
a. DNS Server: 192.168.1.2
9. Click OK | OK.

Highly recommended

Here are some guides for troubleshooting topics particular problems .

(1) the virtual network connection

(2) VPN error messages

(3) VPN Modems Troubleshooting Guide

(4 ) VPN ISP troubleshooting Guide.

(1) Your Virtual Private Network Connection

problems connecting to the Internet at home try these steps before you call for help.

1. Do you have an IP address? Try ipconfig / all. If you do not have an IP address, restart the PC. If this does not work power cycle the cable modem / DSL router and reboot your PC again after the network devices are high and stable. Make sure that all network cables are connected tightly.

2. After you restart your PC to verify that the network adapter is enabled and packets flow. Run the command ipconfig / all check again.

3. Check connectivity by pinging several websites. If this does not work, ping the loopback address 127.0.0.1. If that fails, the adapter may not work or is not configured properly.

To check the IP address. From the command prompt, type ipconfig / all (as shown in the picture) you should see an IP address and several DNS server addresses. The Domain Name System (DNS) is the way Internet domain names are located and translated into IP addresses and is required for surfing the Internet.

Ping 127.0.0.1 - loopback tests (as shown). The loopback test is used to check whether the IP stack responds. If the time is up, or an error occurs the problem may occur if one or more of the following conditions:

* The TCP driver damaged

* The network card does not work

* another service is interfering with IP

Check the network adapter, click the Start menu, Settings, control Panel, select network Connections. Double-click the Local Area Connection or the wireless adapter depending on which one you are using. Make sure it is connected. If you have multiple network adapters turn off what you do not you're using.

There should be no packages appear in both sent and received counters. If the counter is 0 Received check that the adapter has an IP address. Select Properties.

Click the check boxes to Show icon and Notify me of followup. Icon twin PC will appear in the lower right corner of the taskbar in the tray area, and flashes when sending and receiving packets. You can hover your mouse over the icon to get status and click on it for more details.

Tracert shows the connection path to the target location and the number of jumps. Each hop is the journey from one router. Tracert is a useful tool both to understand where the problems are in the network and to determine latency between hops.

Table is used to determine if there is a host and is active on the network and able to determine the round trip time for the device. You can enter a host name or an IP address if you know it. If the request times out then the host is not accessible because it is connected or there is a problem with the connection. Try different sites, if none of work then ping the loopback address 127.0.0.1 Also, if DNS is not working or is properly configured can ping only the host with an IP address and will not be able to surf the Internet.

If you are experiencing intermittent problems, ping -t for 5 or 6 minutes, then press CTRL C to see the test results to determine if you are dropping network packets (packet loss). If you are, this usually indicates a problem ISP or cable / DSL modem problem. See the VPN your ISP i Troubleshooting User Manual

(2) VPN error messages

[ErrorMessage Q1: remote host does not respond : or able to resolve the IP address of the remote server

Cause: This indicates that the Contivity VPN switch He has never responded to the connection attempt. The problem could be either with the Contivity switch itself, (switch can be down) or the machine may have a problem to resolve the IP address.

Action: pinging the name of the destination (example: VPN.something.com). If you received a message that says "Request timed out" by the ping command, contact your Internet service provider to make sure that their DNS is working properly.

Q2 Error Message: The maximum number of sessions reached

Cause: This indicates that the maximum number of users for the account in use are currently connected.

Action: If you are the only user with VPN to your account, you can get this error if you restart a connection right away after losing the remote connection to the service provider. This is because the Contivity VPN switch takes up to an hour to determine that the connection is dropped, and you disconnect from your account.

Q3 Error message: Login failed, Please consult the switch log for more information

Cause: the user name or password is incorrect for the username you entered.

Action: Make sure the username you entered is correct and re-enter the password before retrying the connection.

Message Error Q4: The physical connection has been lost

Cause: The connection to the service provider has been disconnected.

Action: Re-establish the connection to your Internet service provider before attempting to restore the Contivity connection to the remote network.

Message error Q5: The secure Contivity connection was lost

This message can lead due to a number of different reasons, and there are several recommended actions that you can take to try to re-connect.

Cause (s):

If you receive this error before the client connects then something is blocking a necessary port (such as the ESP port 50). This can result if the firewall is not configured properly and limits the port (s) required.

If you receive this error during the connection and suddenly the error can mean one of the following options:

1. Something has closed the connection;

2. The Contivity VPN switch where you were trying to connect to your client thought it was down or expired;

3. Your local ISP did something that disrupted the network connection long enough for the Contivity VPN switch to identify the customer did not answer;

4. The Contivity VPN switch that you are connected to is logged off your connection or the switch no longer responds, or a device that does not support IPSec NAT Traversal is the cause of connection failure .

Action (s):

1. Try to restore the Contivity connection by clicking the Connect button. If it works, the connection is probably lost because of the idle timeout configured on the Contivity VPN switch. If data is transferred not through the Contivity connection for a long period of time, 15 minutes or more, the Contivity VPN switch automatically disconnects the connection;

2. If you are unable to successfully restore the Contivity connection, dial-up can prevent the data to travel between the customer and Contivity VPN switch Contivity VPN. Stop dial-up connection and reconnect before groped to re-establish a connection to the Contivity VPN switches;

3. If you are still unable to connect to the switch Contivity VPN, open a command prompt and try to ping switch Contivity VPN using the host name or address specified in the Target field.

(A) If you receive an "error of Destination Unreachable" there is a routing problem at your ISP.

(B) If you receive an error message "Request timed out", the Contivity VPN Switch is probably not available, and you should contact your network administrator.

4. If it keeps getting this message and you can not connect, then it could indicate that the Contivity VPN switch is unable to communicate with the customer, because it is behind some kind of NAT (Network Address Translation). NAT (Network Address Translation) traversal allows a number of devices on a private network to access the Internet simultaneously without each requiring its own external IP address. Most of the hotels and airports that provide Internet connectivity to use NAT to connect to the Internet.

Message error Q6: You can not change Routing Table

Cause: The message indicates is that the user, an application on your computer, or your ISP attempted to change the routing table via an ICMP redirect attempt and was not successful. The client detects the attempt to make the change, determines is a security breach and closes the client connection. Every time you make a VPN connection, you can not change the routing table, because the VPN client sees this as a security risk and you will get disconnected.

Some applications require an ICMP redirect in order to work as a game or other third-party software.

Action: If you receive this error and you can not connect because of an ICMP redirect attempt, close all other applications in use, which can be the cause of ICMP redirect attempt. If your ISP is doing that, you will need to block the ICMP redirect request. You can identify that occurred ICMP Redirect, seeing a message that there has been a change in the IP routing table.

Q7 Error Message: Text banner Receiving Information

Cause: Message means that you are experiencing a sock flag issue, and will see a window showing " receiving text banner "message and then disconnects.

Actions:

1. disable the firewall completely to test. This is a problem leads 500 and often means that you have a personal firewall that is blocking port 500 or if you have a router that does not support IPSEC pass-through, and you connect to a VPN switch that does not have NAT traversal enabled.

2. If you are using wireless, temporarily remove the picture and focus on the Wireless Ethernet Adapter. Control the speed of the Ethernet card and duplex parameters and then make sure the hub, switch or router that is on the other side has the same parameters. Otherwise, the VPN connection will drop as the link goes up and down, or due to a large number of errors at the door by a speed or duplex mismatch.

3. Firewall blocking the connection, so that the system will crash. (This rarely happens) NSDF (Norton Symantec Desktop Firewall) and NSPF (Symantec's Norton Personal Firewall) can do this, though, if you do not trust the IP address of the VPN connection.

If you do not trust the VPN address of the VPN client, the firewall cause the crash. In the Internet browser, click "Tools> Internet Options> Security> Trusted Sites> Sites" and add the VPN destination address (es) for trusted sites.

Message Q8 error: Already have maximum number of installed adapters

Cause: Could be installed to many virtual adapters in your IP stack

actions :

1. Remove any unnecessary adapters;

2. Create multiple boot scenarios disabling any adapters that are not required for this function;

3. You can also get Banner Sock errors on Win 95 and 98 units with this condition;

4. For more information, see this Microsoft article: KB217744: Wire protocols unable for more than 5 network cards (copy and paste into the search toolbar> Enter).

Q9 update errors: Below are some errors that can occur when you try to update / install the Nortel VPN Client 4.65

Error (1) : Unable to get registry key value for NT_IPSECSHM

cause: This is caused because an important registry key which can not be found in the registry.

Actions:

1. Uninstall and reinstall the VPN software

Error (2): failure to access: lack of driver

Cause: These are generally caused by not having administrator rights to the PC or trying to install / use a Nortel VPN client before the operating system.

Actions:

1. Make sure you have administrator rights on the PC.

2. update / install the latest version of the Nortel VPN client.

Error (3): Create socket failed with 10048.

Cause: This problem usually occurs whenever you have another VPN client software installed on the system. The more well-known conflict clients are: AOL, Cisco client (s) VPN, SSH Sentinel and PGP.

Actions:

1. Removing these clients will in most cases, to solve the problem.

(3) VPN Modems Troubleshooting Guide

Q1 are supported via cable modems for access VPN ?

Yes, you can use cable modems for access VPN. However you should be aware of these conditions and be able to work in them:

* Some cable modems require that you log into an NT network to obtain authentication.

* Some cable modems use a client like the Client Extranet VPN and both will not run at the same time.

* Some cable Contracts / acceptable usage policies specify that the modem can not be used for commercial purposes or who want to charge another fee to use them for commercial purposes. Be sure to read the contract carefully.

* The cable modem provider is your ISP. Please refer to the VPN-connection-guide.html "> ISP Troubleshooting Guide problems for more information.

Q2 Why does my modem seem to run irregularly?

always make sure that you do not let the operating system select a generic modem. If necessary, go to the appropriate web site for your modem manufacturer and obtain the updated INF files so that the correct parameters are configured for the modem.

Q3 Why do I always seem to get a speed of slower connection than others with the same modem?

1. always check your modem configuration to verify that was selected its top speed.

2. 'common when the auto-installation of modems that the maximum speed is not automatically selected.

3. do not check the box that says, operate at only maximum speed.

Q4 I plugged my modem to the phone line at the hotel or office customers, and now does not work.

always make sure that the phone line to connect to when you visit somewhere is an analog line is not a digital one. Inserting in a digital line can permanently damage the modem, which requires a replacement drive. To avoid these situations please contact your local site support staff.

Q5 Why can not I get a 56Kb V.0 connection from various locations that I go to?

Here are some of the reasons why you might not achieve a 56K:

connection 1. There is more than 3 ½ miles from the phone company's central office (CO).

2. A SLICK or per subscriber circuit is used in your area.

3. you are calling from a digital PBX system, which creates a conversion from digital to analog and then an analog-to-digital conversion.

4. The line includes digital pads or Robbed bit signaling (RBS), which can degrade your connection speed.

5. The wiring may be of poor quality. Firmware

6. The modem may not be up-to-date. Check if the modem has the latest V.0 code installed with all patches from the vendor's web site.

Q6 Why do not I get higher speed my 56K V.0 modem in some NAG?

Here are some possible reasons:

1. A 56k V.0 modem is asymmetrical drawing in which the download speed can be up to 56k but upload speed will be up to 33.6bps . For 56k to work, there must be only one analog-to-digital converter (A / D) conversion in the local telephone loop. Thus, when the modems at both ends are analog, 56k costs will never be achieved as most of the PSTN exchanges run digital routing between the exchanges.

2. Some NAG sites use analog phone lines with Cisco and standard 56k modem, and dial-up most of the PC uses a similar modem. Between the two modems, it limits the download speed at about 33.6 kbps max.

3. In addition, many users may experience connection speed lower due to other reasons, such as the poor quality of the line. These factors also contribute to the quality and speed of the line.

(4) VPN ISP Troubleshooting Guide

Q1 If you are getting the message " Unable to resolve the IP address of the remote server. Test the host name in the destination field is correct. " When you are trying to connect with the client extranet.

pinging the destination name (example: VPN.something.com) and if it fails, call your ISP to make sure that their DNS is working properly.

Q2 Why do I get no domain Available during dialing my ISP?

on the Internet Service Provider (ISP) dial connection. Click the right mouse and select the Properties button. Click on the Server Type tab and make sure that the Log on to box network is not selected.

Q3 Why do I seem to be running slowly through my VPN connection?

Try disabling the software compression option on your Internet Service Provider (ISP) dial connection as the VPN client has its own compression. Click the right mouse and select the Properties button. Click on the Server Type tab and uncheck the

Q4 I keep getting busy signals when trying to connect to my ISP, what should I do?

, contact your Internet service provider giving the numbers you are trying to connect. Many times you will find that you can give an alternative number not yet published that will work well. Otherwise you may need to find another ISP that provides better service.

Q5 When you configure the select icon for my ISP what should I put in the DNS / WINS settings?

Your ISP should provide you with the DNS / settings of the dial-WINS. Most only give you DNS, in this case, just leave empty WINS settings.

Q6 Why when you load the client extranet on my PC and Winpoet is installed on my computer freezes or does not work properly?

There are problems with Winpoet software on the PC with the Client Nortel Extranet (VPN).

to restore the system, boot into Safe Mode and uninstall the software Winpoet.

A simple solution is to install the hardware router Linksys BEFSR41. It has a firmware PPPOE connector, which eliminates Winpoet from the PC and provides the advantage of a NAT firewall with the ability to connect to three other PCs.

A second option is to find a PPPoE client that does not interfere with the VPN client.

See pleasure medical of VPN for the image and more details Guide.

Qiuck Fix a Ticket need support, all tool, trick or tip? Your of VPN doctor has the cure!

Most businesses today are now running through network-based systems, which greatly help them in carrying various complex tasks efficiently, and effectively deliver high-quality services to their clients. However, these network systems commonly experience several changes. And these changes sometimes have negative effects or influences the overall function of the system. To avoid these unwanted circumstances, it requires the management of network configuration.

As long as you run your system with the network configuration management, you are able to have full control over various configuration changes on network devices. In this type of management, they are provided with all the necessary tools to generate changes. From these tools, it is also able to take back the changes whenever they have proven to be ineffective.

Without the use of a network configuration management, the task can be much more difficult to deal with. All changes made are not documented automatically. And if the changes are not successful, you will be forced to recall all the specific changes.

the management of network configuration also provides a sense of coordination and rhythmic work of the whole system. Inevitably simultaneous configuration changes are made on different devices in the system. Specific Troubleshooting changes on one device can be difficult if you do not have the aforementioned rights management tool.

On the other hand, monitoring of network performance is critical to further improve the overall system performance. Analyzing important details such as resource utilization and network traffic is its primary function. This is of great importance because these details have direct effects on both the hardware and the software for the network.

In conducting the monitoring of network performance, there are some tools that you can use. The most widely used are those that are provided by Windows 00. This includes the System Monitor and Network Monitor. The main function of the System Monitor is to monitor network throughput and resource utilization. Network Monitor however, uses captured network traffic to monitor network throughput.

These are some tools that can be used in the manufacture of monitoring network performance are not the same installation preferences. System Monitor requires either Windows 00 Professional and Windows 00 Server, while the Network Monitor requires Windows 00 Server alone. Furthermore, the network monitor is mainly used to monitor the local traffic.

Apart from those mentioned above, there are other tools that you can use in terms of the monitoring network performance. However, it is also important to make sure that the tools that you want to use have proven to be more effective and more efficient.

A NIC (network interface card) is designed to communicate over a computer network. It allows users to connect to each other through the use of cables or wirelessly if the network card is a wireless network card (Wi-Fi / WNIC). Each entity of a network, a computer, a printer, router, etc., who need to communicate with other devices must have a network card if it is to communicate through the network. On older computers, the network card is probably an expansion card, usually PCI or PCI Express. high-performance cards can cost less than $ 30. NIC functionality is now often integrated into the motherboard chipset or implemented with a dedicated Ethernet chip on the motherboard.

A similar situation applies to laptops. At one time, a PCMCIA network card would be used in a laptop for the NIC as the PCI card has been used in desktop computers, but now, NIC functionality is often integrated with the motherboard.

Ethernet is the dominant standard for cable connections for wired networks. An Ethernet connector is similar to a telephone jack, only bigger. This connector is called "RJ45". Ethernet cables are shielded or unshielded cable of four twisted pairs of 24 AWG connectors, indicated at 100 ohms. Maximum cable length for CATx cable is 100 meters.

The first versions of Ethernet cables were CAT3 or CAT4 (CAT being short for category). These versions were not long-lived. CAT5 and CAT5e are currently the most commonly used cables (bandwidth of 100 MHz, 100 Mbps), with CAT6 (bandwidth of 250 MHz, 1 Gbps) and the near future conditions. A cable CAT7 (bandwidth 0 MHz) specification is being developed, and should be available within a few years.

Every Ethernet network card has a unique serial number called a "media access code" (MAC address) that is used to identify the network card and associated computer on the network. No two NICs will have the same address, because the NICs manufacturers must buy blocks of addresses by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

NICs are capable of different speeds. Speeds up to one gigabit per second (Gbps) are now available. Two NIC can communicate if they differ in speed ratings, but will communicate to the slower rate of NIC.

In a simple network, NIC can be used to connect a personal computer (PC). If computers are connected directly to each other, the network is a "peer-to-peer" (P2P, also called "ad hoc") network. If computers are connected directly to each other, a "crossover" Ethernet cable is required (also called a "null modem cable"). This cable is not "straight-through", as standard Ethernet, but passes through the sending and reception, so that the transmission line from computer A is connected to the receive line of the computer B.

For the networks of some computers, a "hub" can be used with all computers connected to the hub. Each message sent from any PC will be seen by all computers, but only the computer with the correct MAC address will receive the message. P2P networks are useful for many purposes. Sharing files and printers are the most common applications.

networks with more than four active computers at a time will be eligible to use a "network switch" instead of a hub. A mains switch will direct the message to the appropriate destination, instead of each message packet transmitted over the network. A computer can send a message to computer B, simultaneously, computer C sends a message to computer D. This increases network efficiency. This is a simple form of a network of servers. An example of a client-server design is a computer server that the client to initiate a download or upload files, and the server responds. The server also often the task to interact with printers and other servers on other networks, including satellite networks (SATCOM) or Internet.

"latency" is the delay caused by a data communication network. Latency causes not only the slow service, but may cause the loss of data as well. Latency is usually tested by sending a message packet that is immediately returned to the sending computer. The round-trip time is defined as the latency.

network performance can be optimized for both latency and throughput. The networks can use a technique known as "interrupt moderation" to increase throughput and reducing CPU utilization by the message packets queue and the emission of a smaller number of interrupts to the CPU. A network optimized in this way would favor large transfers, reducing the transfer load. CPU and benefit from network throughput, but the increase of network latency. The alternative is to fragment each message and pipeline fragments through the network. Multiple paths from source to destination may allow overlapping. Latency can also be dealt with techniques such as prefetching (anticipating the need to requests for data) and / or that use multiple execution threads (multithreaded).

There are two signaling LED on a typical network adapter. A single green LED indicates that the computer connected to the network. This is called the light "link". The second LED is amber in color. A blinking amber LED indicates a message packet collisions are occurring. occasional collisions are normal on a busy network, but frequently lit amber LED is an indication of problems. A quick link LED (green flash) is a network activity indicator, which means that communication is ongoing. If the green link light is off, and the amber LED is blinking, then the network card is in "Power Save" mode.

A wireless network interface controller (WNIC) is a network card to connect to a wireless network (WiFi). The standard for WiFi IEEE 802.11. A WNIC uses an antenna to communicate with an RF signal, most of the times at 2.4 GHz. The development of wireless connectivity in recent years has narrow parallel wired connectivity. Like its wired cousin, a wireless card was once integrated with a PCI or PCMCIA add-on. Now, it integrated WNIC are becoming common, especially for laptops.